Exam Study Guide: Part 2

Religions:

Christianity:

2.2 billion (Largest in the world)

Called: Christians

Located: Europe, the Americans, southern Africa

Denominations: Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodox Church, Protestants

Founder: Jesus Christ

Holy Book: The Bible

Beliefs: Jesus is both human and divine

Clergy: the Pope is the head of the church

Islam:

1.5 billion (Second largest)

Called: Muslims

Location: Indonesia, Middle East, North Africa

Denominations: Sunnis and Shiites

Founder: Muhammad

Holy Book: Qur'an

Beliefs: monotheistic, Abrahamic, five pillars, see the purpose in life as serving to Allah

Hinduism:

1.1 billion (Third largest) oldest religion

Called: Hindus

Location: India

Holy Book: the Vedas- meant to be sung, reveals the truth of ancient sages

Founder: no distinct founder, rather a set of beliefs (like the belief in reincarnation)

Buddhism:

1.5 billion

Called: Buddhists

Location: Asia, China, Japan, U.S.

Founder: Siddhartha Gautama

Denominations: Tibetan, Zen, Theravada, and Amidist

Four Noble Truths and the eightfold path

Judaism:

14-18 million

Called: Jews

Location: Israel

Founder: Abraham

Holy Book: Talmud and the Torah (first 5 books of the Old Testament)

Beliefs: That God is one


World leaders:
Afghanistan: Islamic republic

Headed by President Hamid Karzai

He was a leader under Taliban

Is well reversed in several languages

In 2001 he warned the United States that Taliban was plotting against them

Brazil: Federal republic

Headed by President Dilma Rousseff

She disliked the military’s way of doing this, and because of that she was thrown into jail for 3 years, where she suffered torture. And battled thorough cancer. She is a very strong lady

Has been divorced 2 times

She had a degree in economics (very smart)

China: Communist state

Ruled by President Xi Jinping

Son of a revolutionary veteran, one of the Communist Party’s founding fathers

He married a folk singer, Peng Liyuan who is an army general

Leader of the Communist Party

His daughter goes to school in the U.S. (Harvard University)

France: Republic

Headed by Francois Hollande

Has had no previous experience in the government

His father is a physician and his mother is a social worker

            Has for kids, not married, but in a 30-year relationship

Germany: Federal republic

Headed by President Joachim Gauck and Chancellor Angela Merkel

            Angela is crazy smart

            She had been the chancellor since November 2005

            Has been voted most powerful woman in the world for the past 8 years

India: Federal republic

Headed by President Pranab Mukherjee

            Previously taught science and worked as a journalist

            One of the best finance ministers of the world

A man named Rajiv Ganghi took over as prime minister once Pranab’s mother had been killed. Since he lost his battle he decided to start his own party 

Iran: Theocratic republic

Ruled by Supreme Leader Ali Hoseini-Khamenei, and President Hasan Fereidun Ruhani

            Ali took part in street protest

            Was elected as president in 1981, and became the supreme leader in 1989

            Hansan has served in the Supreme National Security Council

            Was just elected President in June 2013

He has openly criticized the previous President for the way that he ran the country, he was also an American hater

Israel: Parliamentary democracy

Headed by President Shimon Peres and Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu

Shimon had to flee to Palestine because of religious issues.

            Became responsible for the military equipment after Arab had attacked them

            Organized the nuclear program

Won the Nobel Peace prize

           Binyamin grew up in the U.S.

Once his brother was killed he returned to Israel and started to advocate international cooperation in fighting terrorism

 Mexico: Federal republic

Headed by President Enrique Pena Pieto.

            His father was an engineer for electricity

“Trouble stays away from him”

He is married to an actress, and her title is “the first lady in Mexico”

Saudi Arabia: A kingdom

Ruled by Abdallah bin Abd al-Aziz Al Saud, who is both King and Prime Minister

            The father of 22 children

            He is worth 21 billion dollars

            He was commander of the Saudi Arabian National Guard

            He has visited the Pope

Has granted women the right to vote and run in future elections, this was very uncommon in the area that they live in

     

The United Kingdom: Constitutional monarchy and Commonwealth realm

Ruled by Prime Minister David Cameron and Queen Elizabeth II

            Elizabeth became queen on February 6, 1952, her reign has 60 years and counting

        

David had his whole life planned out for him, but when his soon died he started to look at things differently

            He is the youngest prime minister

Venezuela: Federal republic

Headed by President Nicolas Maduro Moros

            Worked as a bus driver

            Worked with Hugo Chavez

Peace Corps Review:

Throughout the game I learned some facts. The microfinance program helps people in many different ways. Microfinance address the need of people who lived in a low populated area, with no money. They also have volunteers that work with farmers. The peace core works towards increasing family income, and they try to improve the environment for business. Throughout the game there were many issues that you had to solve, and it would give you information on what was right and what was wrong, but you had to choose. One of these examples was the occurrences of malaria, and it can be reduced by managing water resources. There was also another issue in the game and that was that the town lake was contaminated with pollution. The pollution most likely came from the people of the town.

Many girls don't get the opportunity to go to school and get an education. The UNICEF program helps these girls get into school. The countries that are poor and in need have allies of other countries that help them. The United States is one of these countries, and they consume and produce about a quarter of the world’s forest products, which helps them, by selling the country products so they have supplies. Also tress play a very important role in our environment.

These were some of the informational facts that the game gave me. The game is a new and different way to lean and I like it, hopefully we will be able to do this again with another unit topic.

Microfinance review:

Microfinance= a general term to describe financial services to low-income individuals or to those who do not have access to typical banking services

Microloans= loans people money to help them get a kick start in a small business that they think will be beneficial to their village or town

Another definition

Microloans=When a person lends a small amount of money to a developing business. Once the business is running good the leader will receive the money back

They can also help investments in infrastructure, education, and legal forms

They also give the opportunity to have choices

What does it do?

Provides people who don’t have the money to get a loan and start a business, also helps pay for insurance

Helps the local economy

It is an opportunity for the less fortunate

Allows people to builds their assets

Developing countries:

Most of the countries are poor, and they are the ones most likely to need help

Problems:

Malaria= a life threating transmitted mosquitoes    Doctors are working for a cure

Drought

Clean water

Famine

Poor health care

Pollution

Poverty

Loans and small businesses:

Help them get loan, housing and structure investments

Microlender= an organization that makes business loans to individuals who are not able to obtain financing from traditional lenders